Cryptocurrency (or “crypto”) is a form of digital money. It allows people to send value online without the need for a central authority like a bank or credit-card company, making it possible to transfer funds globally, near-instantly and often at very low cost. It’s secure because transactions are recorded in a public record called a blockchain that is difficult to tamper with or erase.
In addition to being a means of exchange, some cryptocurrencies are also considered investments. Investors can buy and sell them on exchanges, just as they would with other assets like stocks. As an investment, it’s important to remember that crypto prices can be volatile. This makes it a good idea to diversify, as you would with any other investment.
How do I use crypto?
The main purpose of crypto is to transfer value quickly and securely. It’s a newer way of exchanging value, but it has some similarities to traditional currencies in the sense that you can hold them in your wallet and use them to make purchases. One key difference is that while you can store traditional currency in a bank or other financial institution, you need to store your crypto in a digital wallet. Also, while banks typically insure the money you deposit, crypto wallets do not.
It’s also important to understand that cryptocurrencies are not government-backed, and so have no legal status in most countries. This creates some unique challenges for the global financial system, and makes it harder to incorporate them into the existing world of finance.
Getting into crypto
The best way to invest in cryptocurrency is through an exchange, where you can buy and sell coins at the current market price. Some exchanges also offer trading and storage services. If you choose to purchase cryptocurrencies directly, it’s important to do your research and be aware of the risks involved in this highly speculative space.
Aside from the usual investing risks of volatility and market risk, you should be wary of scams that may target crypto investors. Scammers might impersonate well-known companies like Amazon, Microsoft, FedEx or your bank, and try to steal your crypto by claiming there’s been fraud on your account or that your funds are at risk.
Schwab continues to monitor cryptocurrencies as regulations and technology evolve. Until there’s more clarity on how these assets should be regulated, we suggest investors continue to treat them as speculative assets primarily for trading with money outside their traditional long-term portfolios.
If you’re considering investing in crypto, be sure to work with a registered investment advisor. They can help you understand the fundamentals and risks, as well as how to properly diversify your portfolio. And be sure to consider the potential tax implications of your investment. As with any new investment, you should only invest with money you can afford to lose.